Flavonoids Extracts from Hunteria umbellata Seeds Modulates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Hepatic Complications in Rats
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Abstract
The use of flavonoid-rich plants has been previously reported for its potential in treating diabetes and its related complications. Synthetic medicines are commonly used to manage diabetes; however, they are costly and associated with various adverse effects. As a result, the search for a safer and affordable alternative from medicinal plants has become imperative to various complications caused by hyperglycaemia. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of flavonoids from Hunteria Umbellata (H. umbellata) on hepatoxicity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. A total of (60) male wistar rats (eight weeks old) weighing between 150-250grams were divided into six groups. Diabetes was induced in rats intraperitoneally with a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight) while crude flavonoid extracts were administered orally into the rats with the following doses;12.5 mg/kg/bwt,25 mg/kg/bwt and 50 mg/kg/bwt. Assessment of apoptosis markers (Caspase-9, Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome-c), lipid peroxidation (MDA), liver function tests (ALP, ALT, AST), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT) and GSH were investigated. Histological changes of the liver tissues were also observed. In the in vivo antidiabetic experiments, the liver marker enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST) were significantly higher in the diabetic rats when compared with the control group (fig.1 to 5). The expression of the Caspase-9 gene, cytochrome c, and Bax in liver and kidney cells were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner when treated with 12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg of crude flavonoids, as well as 50 mg/kg of metformin (Figures 6 and 7). The ameliorative effects of the crude flavonoids on the damaged liver tissues morphology were also observed. This study suggested that flavonoids from H. umbellata possesses ameliorative effects on liver apoptotic markers, lipid peroxidation, liver function marker enzymes and could be a potential alternative therapy for the management of diabetes and related complications.
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