The Potential of Single Bulb Garlic Fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum B1765 to Manage Gluconeogenesis and Inflammation in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats
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Abstract
Chronic inflammation and increased gluconeogenesis are key drivers of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Targeting these mechanisms could improve glycemic control and reduce diabetes-related complications. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of fermented single-bulb garlic (FSBG) paste as an alternative or adjunct treatment for T2DM. Using a rat model, we assessed the effects of FSBG (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) and metformin (9 mg/kg) on pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17) and gluconeogenic enzymes (glucose-6-phosphatase, pyruvate carboxylase). FSBG significantly reduced cytokine and enzyme levels (p < 0.001), with sustained effects observed two weeks post-treatment. These findings suggest that FSBG exerts both anti-inflammatory and anti-gluconeogenic actions, offering a promising natural alternative to conventional therapy. Further studies are warranted to confirm its long-term efficacy and optimize dosing strategies.
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